The disease concept view of alcoholism, also known as the medical model view, is one of the prevailing explanations of alcoholism in society and is used by many healthcare providers in the treatment of alcohol use disorder. This view sees alcoholism as a medical or biological illness, rather than as a moral failing or a symptom of poor character.
Alcoholism is a chronic illness characterized by compulsive alcohol use, loss of control over alcohol intake, and a high likelihood of relapse. It is a complex disorder that involves a combination of genetic, environmental, and behavioral factors. The disease concept view emphasizes the role of genetics in alcoholism, with research suggesting that alcoholism may be related to certain genes that increase the risk of developing the disorder.
According to this view, alcoholism is a disease because it meets certain criteria. First, it is chronic, meaning that it lasts for a long time. Second, it is relapsing, meaning that people with alcohol use disorder often return to drinking after periods of abstinence. Third, it is progressive, meaning that the symptoms of alcoholism tend to worsen over time if left untreated.
The disease concept view also emphasizes the importance of treatment. Because alcoholism is seen as a medical illness, it can be treated by healthcare professionals. Treatment may involve medication, such as naltrexone or acamprosate, to help reduce cravings and prevent relapse. It may also involve counseling, such as cognitive-behavioral therapy, to help people learn healthy coping strategies and develop a support network.
Overall, the disease concept view of alcoholism is an important perspective in the treatment of alcohol use disorder. It recognizes alcoholism as a medical illness that requires professional treatment, rather than a moral failing or character flaw. By understanding the complexity of alcoholism, healthcare providers and those struggling with alcohol use disorder can work together to develop effective treatment plans and achieve long-term recovery.
